Resistances

For Humans and Gargoyles, resistance is cumulative up to a maximum level of 70% in all five areas. As shown to the right, the levels are maxed out when the full Virtue Armor Set, which can add to 70+, is worn. However, an Elf enjoys an Energy Resist maximum of 75%, not 70%; the rest of its resistances are capped at 70%.

In addition to armor and any applicable jewelry worn by a character, resistance is affected by:

certain weapons carried (e.g. Cavorting Club)
the amount of Resisting Spells Skill possessed
being under the effect of the Magery Spell Reactive Armor
being under the effect of the Magery Spell Magic Reflection
being under the effect of the Spellweaving Spell Attunement
being under the effect of the Necromancy Spell Corpse Skin and
being in certain other forms (e.g. Reaper Form, Lich Form).

Weapons

Unless modified, melee and ranged weapons cause physical damage. When a weapon possesses damage modifiers, the sum of any damage types will total 100%.

Armor

The type and amount of resistance a piece of armor imparts depends on:

the type of armor;
the quality of the armor;
any magic modifiers on it; and
the materials used to create or enhance it.

Jewelry

Both rings and bracelets can have resistance. The Ring of the Elements is an excellent example. In addition to this, Gargish Necklaces and Gargish Earrings provide resistance.

Clothing

Veteran Reward cloaks and robes have +3% Physical Resistance each.

History

Prior to the release of Ultima Online: Age of Shadows, there was damage and armor. Publish 17 removed the Armor Rating (AR) and the related defense and damage enchantments from the game.